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This document is intended to be used by waterfront district property owners and developers to identify the mitigating measures that a project must meet in order to be found consistent with the waterfront district planned action ordinance (“PAO”). City of Bellingham (“city”) staff will use the document to determine if a proposed project is consistent with the PAO. This review process is called a “consistency determination.”

The mitigating measures apply to projects identified as a “planned action” in the PAO, whether the work is conducted by the Port of Bellingham, other property owner(s) or private developers, except that environmental remediation and related actions are subject to and completed under the Washington State Model Toxics Control Act (“MTCA”). For projects that are found to be consistent with the PAO, no additional environmental review will be required. Conversely, additional environmental review will be required for projects that are determined to be inconsistent with the PAO.

The mitigating measures contained herein are those required to obtain a consistency determination. Pursuant to WAC 197-11-172, there may be conditions placed on a project to mitigate non-significant impacts through the normal local project review and permitting process.

Section I identifies and incorporates the mitigating measures required by the planned action EIS (“EIS”) (as defined in the PAO as including the DEIS, SEIS and addenda) which are found in city, Washington State and U.S. federal code provisions, enforceable by the agency with jurisdiction. Section II lists additional mitigating measures that were identified in the EIS. A project that is a planned action as defined in the PAO shall incorporate the applicable mitigating measures in Sections I and II. A project’s compliance with Sections I and II below is sufficient to mitigate a project’s potentially significant impacts on the environment.

I. MITIGATION REQUIRED BY EXISTING REGULATIONS

A. City of Bellingham regulations containing mitigation measures include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:

1. BMC Title 11, Vehicles and Traffic.

2. Chapter 12.08 BMC, Bellingham Harbor.

3. BMC Title 13, Streets and Sidewalks.

4. BMC Title 15, Water and Sewer.

5. Chapter 16.20 BMC, Environmental Procedures. If there are any inconsistencies between Chapter 16.20 BMC and the waterfront district planned action as defined in BMC 16.30.100 through 16.30.180, the waterfront district planned action controls.

6. Chapter 16.55 BMC, Critical Areas Ordinance.

7. Chapter 16.60 BMC, Land Clearing.

8. Chapter 16.70 BMC, Grading.

9. Chapter 17.10 BMC, Building Code.

10. Chapter 17.20 BMC, Fire Code.

11. Chapter 17.76 BMC, Construction in Floodplains.

12. Chapter 17.90 BMC, Historic Preservation Ordinance.

13. BMC Title 19, Impact Fees.

14. BMC Title 20, Land Use and Development Ordinance.

15. BMC 20.25.080, Waterfront District Design Standards.

16. BMC 20.37.400, Waterfront District Urban Village Development Regulations.

17. BMC Title 21, Administration of Development Regulations.

18. BMC Title 22, Shoreline Master Program.

19. BMC Title 23, Land Division, as modified by BMC 20.37.430(C).

20. City of Bellingham Public Works Development Guidelines and Improvement Standards.

B. State and Federal Regulations and Authorizations.

The waterfront district contains several contaminated sites that have been, are, or will be remediated pursuant to the Model Toxics Control Act, Chapter 70.105D RCW (MTCA). All development in the waterfront district must comply with Washington State Department of Ecology agreed orders and/or consent decrees, including any and all restrictive covenants or other institutional controls. It is the developer’s responsibility to consult with the Washington State Department of Ecology and review any orders and/or decrees prior to any and all phases of development.

All development must comply with the conditions imposed by state and federal agencies with regulatory jurisdiction over specific project permits or authorizations enforceable by the agency with jurisdiction, which may include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following:

1. Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife Hydraulic Project Approval (HPA).

2. Washington State Department of Ecology 401 Water Quality Certification.

3. Washington State Department of Ecology National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES).

4. Washington State Department of Ecology Shoreline Management Act (Chapter 90.58 RCW)

8. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Section 10 and 404 permits.

9. Federal, state and local air quality regulations and permits.

II. ADDITIONAL MITIGATING MEASURES REQUIRED

In addition to the local, state and federal code provisions and authorizations listed in the previous section, a proposed development must address the following specific mitigation measures in order to be found consistent with the PAO and to ensure that potentially significant environmental impacts are mitigated. The additional provisions are organized by element of the environment:

1. Earth

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

1-1. A site-specific engineering analysis shall be prepared and certified by a licensed professional engineer and/or a geotechnical engineer for all bridge approach fills. All permits for bridge approach fills shall be consistent with the engineering analysis and shall include the recommendations of the analysis to reduce settlement, retain and limit the width of the approach fills, the stabilization of fills, relocation of utilities, and shall incorporate ground improvement measures to protect settlement-sensitive structures.

1-2. A site-specific engineering analysis shall be prepared and certified by a licensed professional engineer and/or a geotechnical engineer for preload and surcharge fills. All fill permits shall include the measures recommended in the analysis to limit the lateral extent and influence of the fill.

1-3. For construction projects requiring pile driving, a vibration monitoring plan (VMP) shall be submitted prior to construction that provides for vibration monitoring during installation of test piles and selected production piles to determine the extent of potential vibration impacts due to pile driving, and shall incorporate and use pile and pile hammer types applicable to the subsurface conditions to obtain optimal pile-driving operations with minimal vibration impacts. The VMP shall include pre- and post-construction inspections, elevation surveys and photographic surveys within 100 feet of the pile driving operation. All VMPs shall consider and incorporate the survey analysis conducted in prior vibration surveys within the waterfront district.

1-4. Building permits for placement of structural fill within 50 feet of an existing adjacent structure shall include a condition that the adjacent structures/surfaces shall be monitored during construction to verify that no adverse settlement occurs on the adjacent site(s).

B. During Construction

1-5. Spoils generated during drilled shaft installation shall be disposed in accordance with all applicable local, state and federal requirements.

1-6. Any excavated soils reused on site as fill material shall be handled and moisture conditioned consistent with applicable engineering standards and best management practices prior to placement and compaction.

1-7. As part of construction of on-site infrastructure, site grades shall be raised to accommodate potential long-term sea level rise and tsunami conditions, appropriate to the design lifetime of the project, as determined using the higher end of the range predicted using best available science. Industrial buildings, warehouses and structured parking are not required to be elevated, but shall comply with city flood plain regulations in place at the time of project permit application. Residential, commercial or institutional buildings with a longer term building lifetime shall be designed and constructed to protect against long-term sea level rise.

1-8. In the Marine Trades and Cornwall Beach areas within 1,000 feet of the landfill boundary, as depicted on applicable Ecology site maps, site specific monitoring and evaluation shall be required within the PAO boundary, in conjunction with any excavation or earth disturbance to determine if methane is present in these areas. If methane is detected at five percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL), a methane monitoring plan shall be established and complied with as a condition of any development permit. Site-specific occupational health and safety plans must be in compliance with all applicable local, state and federal worker safety, construction and building design requirements for potentially hazardous methane gas levels.

2. Air Quality

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

2-1. Prior to the commencement of construction, a plan for minimizing construction related dust and odors shall be submitted to the City of Bellingham Public Works Department.

3. Water Resources

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

3-1. In areas south of the Whatcom Waterway, new stormwater outfalls shall be designed and constructed to protect against long-term sea level rise appropriate to the lifetime of the project.

3-2. Projects in or near aquatic habitat that involve a risk of a spill of hazardous materials shall include as part of its permit package a spill prevention response and hazardous material control plan that includes the following at a minimum:

a. A spill containment kit, including oil-absorbent materials, on site to be used in the event of a spill or if any oil product is observed in the water.

b. In the event of a spill, work related to or in the vicinity of the spill shall be stopped immediately, steps shall be taken to contain the material, and appropriate agency notifications shall be made.

c. Spills and/or conditions resulting in distressed or dying fish shall be reported immediately to Ecology’s Northwest Regional Spill Response Office. If fish are observed in distress or a fish kill occurs, work related to or in the vicinity of the spill shall be stopped immediately. The Washington State Departments of Fish and Wildlife and Ecology, and other applicable agencies, shall be contacted and work shall not resume until further approval is given by the agency with jurisdiction.

B. During Construction

3-3. Storage and/or maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles on site shall be conducted in a manner designed to prevent spill or leakage of fuels, coolants or lubricants into water and soil. During construction, a staging area must be specified for all vehicle maintenance activities. The staging area must be located well away from all drainage courses. Where possible, all stormwater from related maintenance areas must be directed to the sanitary sewer, rather than the stormwater system.

3-4. In the event of a spill during construction activities in or near aquatic habitat, work in the vicinity of the spill shall be stopped immediately, steps shall be taken to contain the material, and appropriate notification of applicable agencies shall be made. All spills of fuel and hazardous materials must be contained and removed in such a manner as to prevent their entering the waters and soils of the State.

C. For the Life of the Project

3-5. For marina development, marina source control and operational BMPs shall be employed to reduce potential water quality impacts to Bellingham Bay per Ecology’s Resource Manual for Pollution Prevention in Marinas and the Port of Bellingham harbor rules and regulations.

5. Environmental Health

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

5-1. All developments shall comply with regional, state and federal air quality and worker safety regulations, including pre-demolition surveys and applicable asbestos and/or lead abatement activities.

B. During Construction

5-2. All developments shall maintain adequate containment of soils which are contaminated at levels exceeding applicable MTCA standards, or implement and comply with stormwater treatment and monitoring during construction activities that could disturb contaminated soils, consistent with requirements under MTCA.

5-3. Development of utilities and utility corridors are subject to construction worker safety protocols identified as part of the site cleanup institutional control plans, under MTCA.

C. For the Life of the Project

5-4. All developments are subject to any and all requirements of MTCA related documents, including agreed orders, agreed orders on consent, consent decrees and restrictive covenants.

5-5. All developments are subject to state and/or federal environmental regulations, such as MTCA, requiring reporting, investigation and applicable cleanup.

5-6. All development shall comply with local regulations relating to the use, storage and processing of hazardous materials. On sites containing hazardous materials, procedures to use in case of spills must be posted.

5-7. All development is subject to state and federal regulations relating to the use, storage and processing of hazardous materials. On sites containing hazardous materials, procedures to use in case of spills must be posted.

6. Noise

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

6-1. The contractor shall be responsible for the preparation of and implementation of a noise control plan, which shall be submitted with permit applications. The plan shall include the following measures:

a. All development shall comply with applicable construction industry best management practices to reduce notice impacts.

b. The engines of construction equipment shall have adequate mufflers, intake silencers or engine enclosures that reduce their noise.

c. Construction equipment shall be turned off when not in use.

d. Contractors are required to maintain equipment and train operators to reduce noise levels.

e. Locate stationary equipment away from receiving properties to decrease noise when feasible.

6-2. For construction of residential uses, the developer shall comply with either the acoustical site planning design standards codified at BMC 20.25.080(D)(1) or the residential building requirements for noise reduction codified at BMC 20.37.430(I).

B. During Construction

6-3. All activities on the site shall comply with applicable local noise regulations.

6-4. All activities on the site are subject to applicable state and federal noise regulations.

6-5. Construction industry best management practices related to noise mitigation shall be incorporated into construction plans. All activities on the site shall comply with applicable local, state and federal noise regulations as well as the noise control plan.

7. Land and Shoreline Use

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit or Shoreline Permit

7-1. Pursuant to the facilities agreement, as it may be amended from time to time, the port and city shall provide for shoreline restoration and public access.

8. Historic, Cultural and Archaeological Resources

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

8-1. All development shall occur consistent with this section and the Cultural Resource Management Plan (Attachment 1 to the ordinance codified in this chapter).

8-2. Prior to the submittal of an application for a demolition permit for the Granary Building, the Boardmill Building or the east portion of the Alcohol Plant, the applicant shall submit an analysis of the feasibility of possible retention/reuse of these buildings. The intent of the analysis is to evaluate the retention/reuse of the buildings with consideration of structural, economic, market and land use factors. The analysis shall address the following considerations:

The economic feasibility of retention/reuse based on a study of the market conditions at the time of application; or

Information demonstrating that it is not economically viable to renovate the building based on responses to a request for proposals, or equivalent process, which did not generate any viable proposals for adaptive reuse of the building in a time frame consistent with the development of the surrounding properties; and

Site planning constraints created when a competing development proposal requires the land where the building is located, but does not need the building; and

The financial consideration and obligations of the owner at the time of redevelopment and environmental cleanup occurring in the vicinity of these structures; and

Whether retaining the building for an additional time period would impact the phased implementation of the waterfront district sub-area plan as defined in the waterfront district development agreement and the inter-local agreement for facilities between the city and the port; and

How demolition may impede adaptive reuse; and

How the retention or adaptive reuse of the building might contribute towards heritage tourism.

A report summarizing these factors shall be submitted by the applicant for PAO official review. The PAO official may request additional information needed for clarification of the analysis. None of the above shall preclude a determination by the city building official that the building poses an imminent threat to public health and safety.

8-3. Prior to issuance of demolition or building permit for the chip bins, digester tanks or high density tanks, these structures will be evaluated by the applicant for possible retention/reuse as industrial icons, based on their historic significance, engineering feasibility and financial considerations of the owner at the time of redevelopment occurring in the vicinity of those structures.

8-4. All demolition plans for buildings or structures identified in the EIS as potentially eligible for listing on local, state or national registers shall include a Historic American Building Survey and Historic American Engineering Record documentation and a building material salvage or reuse plan for the structure proposed for demolition.

8-5. For construction below grade located in or adjacent to areas of high probability of Native American archaeological material), the applicant shall establish procedures and appropriate responses for addressing potential effects to archaeological resources that may be located in such areas. These procedures and responses shall include: (1) consideration of level of contractor awareness and training; (2) consideration of specific areas where on-site archaeological monitoring should be conducted; (3) development of a list of on-site chains of authorities and contacts for decision-making regarding inadvertent archaeological discoveries during construction activities; (4) a description of prescriptive actions that would result in minimal additional disturbances to potentially significant resources if any are discovered, including discoveries during construction activities including specific treatment plans for inadvertent discovery of human remains; and (5) identification of expectations of participating groups involved in addressing the site’s potential for discovery of archaeological resources.

B. During Construction

8-6. Construction in the immediate vicinity of any National Register for Historic Places, Washington Historic Register and/or Bellingham local historic register listed buildings and structures shall be monitored so that such listed resources will not be adversely affected by ground settlement, vibration or other geotechnical factors.

8-7. If any archaeological resources or human remains are found during construction, all work on that project shall stop immediately and the project proponent and/or general contractor shall contact the Lummi Nation, Nooksack Tribe, city of Bellingham planning and community development department and the State Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation. No work shall restart without further approvals by the applicable state or federal agency with jurisdiction.

9. Transportation

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

9-1. All new development proposals shall occur consistent with the waterfront district transportation infrastructure phasing plan, as contained in Chapter 16.30 BMC, Article II.

9-2. The development of on-site and off-site roadways and other transportation infrastructure associated with the Waterfront District site shall occur consistent with the Waterfront District Transportation Infrastructure Phasing Plan, as contained in Chapter 16.30 BMC, Article II.

9-3. Provisions for transit service and facilities shall be coordinated with the local transit provider to achieve consistency with the waterfront district transportation infrastructure phasing plan.

B. During Construction

Section intentionally left blank.

C. For the Life of the Project

9-4. All new development in the waterfront district shall be reviewed as part of the biennial monitoring program identified in BMC 16.30.170(B) to track on-site vehicle trips generated.

aProvisions to survey mode share achievements associated with development at the waterfront district shall occur consistent with the Waterfront District – Scope of Biennial Transportation Report, as contained in Chapter 16.30 BMC, Article II.

bThe ability to meet or exceed mode share targets may reduce the level of infrastructure improvements identified in the waterfront district transportation infrastructure phasing plan.

10. Utilities

A. Prior to Issuance of a Demolition, Grading, or Building Permit

10-1. Design and development of electrical and gas utilities shall occur in coordination with the applicable provider and consistent with the transportation infrastructure phasing plan.

11. Parks and Recreation

A. Prior to Issuance of a Land Use Permit or Other Land Use Enablement

11-1. Pursuant to the development agreement and the facilities agreement, as it may be amended from time to time, the port and city shall provide for parks, trails, and open space by phase.

12. Affordable Housing

A. For the Life of the Project

12-1. Pursuant to the development regulations and the development agreement, the port shall work with the city, developers, nonprofit and other private and public organizations to provide affordable housing opportunities in the waterfront district.

Attachment 1

Cultural Resource Management Plan

1.0 Plan and Procedures for the Unanticipated Discovery of Cultural Resources during Redevelopment of the Waterfront District

As part of the waterfront district redevelopment project, an Archaeological Resources Assessment was prepared in December 2007 by Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc. (Draft EIS, Appendix M), to evaluate the potential impacts of redevelopment on cultural resources in accordance with the Washington State Environmental Protection Act. This study was based on a review of previous ethnographic, historic, and archaeological investigations in local areas including background literature and maps. In addition, Lummi and Nooksack Tribes cultural resources staff were notified of the waterfront district redevelopment project details and provided the opportunity to comment on the potential impacts of the project. There is a high probability for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials along the historic bluff and bluff edges with the probability increasing with proximity to the mouth of Whatcom Creek.

A cultural resource discovery could be prehistoric or historic. Examples include:

An accumulation of shell, burned rocks, or other food related materials,

Bones or small pieces of bone,

An area of charcoal or very dark stained soil with artifacts,

Stone tools or waste flakes (i.e., an arrowhead, or stone chips),

Clusters of tin cans or bottles, logging or agricultural equipment that appears to be older than 50 years,

Buried railroad tracks, decking, or other industrial materials.

When in doubt, it should be assumed the material is a cultural resource.

2.0 Prior to Issuance of Any Permit to Disturb Ground, Such As a Grading or Building Permit

For proposals requiring excavation, proponents shall review the Northwest Archaeological Associates, Inc., Archaeological Resources Assessment (2008 Waterfront District Redevelopment Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Appendix M) to determine if the proposed boundaries are located within 25 feet of a high probability area for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials.

2.1 If the proposed boundaries are not located within 25 feet of a high probability area for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials:

The High Probability Area for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials shall be shown on the site plan, noting that the project is not within 25 feet of this area.

Also note on the site plan:

○    Project proponents must follow local, state and federal laws and regulations that address cultural resources. In the event that any activity results in the discovery of cultural resources, work shall halt in the immediate area, and contact made with the City of Bellingham Planning Division, the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP), and representatives of the Nooksack Tribe and the Lummi Nation.

○    “If ground disturbing activities encounter human skeletal remains during the course of construction, then all activity will cease that may cause further disturbance to those remains. The area of the find will be secured and protected from further disturbance. The finding of human skeletal remains will be reported to the county medical examiner/coroner and local law enforcement in the most expeditious manner possible. The remains will not be touched, moved, or further disturbed. The county medical examiner/coroner will assume jurisdiction over the human skeletal remains and make a determination of whether those remains are forensic or non-forensic. If the county medical examiner/coroner determines the remains are non-forensic, then they will report that finding to the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) who will then take jurisdiction over the remains. The DAHP will notify any appropriate cemeteries and all affected tribes of the find. The State Physical Anthropologist will make a determination of whether the remains are Indian or Non-Indian and report that finding to any appropriate cemeteries and the affected tribes. The DAHP will then handle all consultation with the affected parties as to the future preservation, excavation, and disposition of the remains.”

2.2 If the proposed project boundaries are located within 25 feet of a High Probability Area for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials:

The high probability area for encountering intact Native American archaeological materials shall be shown on the site plan, noting that the project is within 25 feet of this area.

Provide a copy of the “Unanticipated Discovery Plan for Cultural Resources” for this site.

The Unanticipated Discovery Plan for Cultural Resources shall, at a minimum, include the following protocols:

○    For projects involving significant ground disturbing activities (i.e.: excavations to pre-contact contours), a copy of the professional archaeologist’s review of project plans, including a determination if archaeological testing or site monitoring by a professional archaeologist is required to protect against potential impacts to intact Native American archaeological materials.

○    A training program will be provided during pre-project meeting(s) so that the job site supervisor, project manager, and excavation contractor, and any subcontractors, are aware of the procedures for the dealing with the unanticipated discovery of cultural resources or human remains.

○    If there is an unanticipated discovery of human remains or Native American archaeological material, all work adjacent to the discovery shall cease. At a minimum, the immediate area will be secured and marked with flagging to a distance of 30 feet from the discovery. Vehicles, equipment and unauthorized personnel will not be permitted to traverse the discovery site.

○    The remains will not be touched, moved, or further disturbed.

○    A professional archaeologist or project manager will immediately call the Whatcom County sheriff’s office (911) and the Whatcom County medical examiner (360-738-4557). The Whatcom County medical examiner will assume jurisdiction over the human skeletal remains and determine if the remains are forensic or non-forensic (related to a criminal investigation or not).

○    If the human skeletal remains are determined to be non-forensic, the Whatcom County medical examiner will notify the Washington State Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP). DAHP will take jurisdiction over the remains. The State Physical Anthropologist will determine whether the remains are Native American or non-Native American. DAHP will handle all consultation with the Nooksack Tribe and Lummi Tribe as to the treatment of the remains.

○    If cultural material is uncovered and determined to be significant by a professional archaeologist, the consulting archaeologist will immediately contact DAHP and tribal representatives to seek consultation regarding appropriate documentation and/or response actions.

○    The professional archaeologist shall provide a copy of their report on any discoveries to DAHP, affected tribes, and the City of Bellingham’s planning department within 30 days of discovery.


CONTACT INFORMATION


Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation

Dr. Allyson Brooks

State Historic Preservation Officer

1063 South Capitol Way, Ste. 106

Olympia, WA 98501

360-586-3066


Lummi Nation

Lena Tso

Lummi Tribal Historic Preservation Office

2530 Kwina Road

Bellingham, WA 98226

360-384-2259 ext. 2662


Nooksack Tribe

George Swanaset Jr.

Director/Tribal Historic Preservation Officer

THPO, Cultural Resources

5016 Deming Road

P.O. Box 157

360-306-5759


Whatcom County Sheriff’s Office

311 Grand Avenue

Bellingham, WA 98225

360-676-6650


Whatcom County Medical Examiner

1500 N. State Street

Bellingham, WA 98225

360-738-4557 [Ord. 2018-12-036 § 7; Ord. 2013-12-091 (Exh. A)].